COMPUTER AND INTERNET CONSULTANT

KARTU DEBET GRATIS UNTUK TRANSAKSI DI INTERNET

2009-04-12T07:43:00.000-07:00

Dapatkan Payoneer Debit MasterCard secara gratis! Kartu ini bisa anda gunakan untuk melakukan transaksi online di situs yang menawarkan pembayaran dengan MasterCard seperti: eBay, amazon, Paypal, dll. Dan yang sangat menarik anda tidak dikenakan biaya kirim. 100% GRATIS !.

Kartu debit ini juga sangat diperlukan jika anda seorang blogger yang pasti akan mengikuti program affiliasi , dan kartu payoneer ini merupakan sarana masa kini dimana semua bonus anda akan dimasukkan ke kartu dan bisa ditarik di ATM mana saja di Indonesia yang berlogo Mastercard. Dan anda tidak usah tunggu chek lagi yang memakai waktu lama dan mahal pencairannya. Setelah bonus anda dimasukkan ke kartu payoneer, maka langsung bisa ditarik di ATM, hebat kan ?

Tidak ada biaya di kemudian hari yang akan dikenakan ke anda dan anda bisa melakukan transaksi internet anda dengan nyaman , aman dan terpercaya.

Selama ini kita cukup ragu dan trauma jika hendak transaksi online yang memakai kartu kredit, maka dengan dengan Payoneer , kita tidak usah raga lagi sebab Payoneer bukan kartu kredit melainkan kartu debit. Tentu anda sudah tahu mengenai perbedaan kartu kredit dan debit bukan ?

Kartu debit gratis tidak bisa diminta langsung ke www.payoneer.com, dan anda hanya cukup mendaftar gratis di SINI . Dan ikuti langkah mendaftar di bawah :

1. Preferred program isi dengan no.1 Permember payout
2. First name: isi dengan nama awal anda
3. Last name : isi dengan nama akhir anda
4. URL : isi dengan URL website anda , kosongkan jika tidak punya blog
5. Desired password : isi dengan password yang anda inginkan
6. Preferred newsletter language : english
7. Email adress : isi dengan alamat email anda
8. Secondary email : kalo ga ada ga usah diisi
9. Checks payable to : Payoneer
10. Street adress: isi dengan alamat jelas rumah anda (kealamat inilah kartu debit mastercard anda akan dikirim dari New York)
11. City: isi dengan kotamadya anda tinggal ( cth Jak – Pus)
12. State/province : isi dengan provinsi tempat anda tinggal (cth : DKI Jakarta)
13. ZIP/Postal code : isi dengan kode pos rumah anda
14. Tax id : kosongkan saja
15. Business classification : individual
16. Phone number : isi dengan no rumah atau handphone anda
17. Instan messenger : no
18. Use e passporte : no
19. Pastikan terisi dengan benar setelah selesai "click here for the last step"
20. Klik "submit" ( contreng dulu kotak persetujuannya)
21. Tertera disitu alamat URL website replikasi anda (catat alamat ini, karena akan anda pergunakan untuk promosi)
22. Klik " account information pada sebelah kanan atas web lalu muncullah account information anda.
23. Klik "here" (berwarna biru) untuk mengupdate informasi anda berkaitan dengan pembayaran via payoneer.
24. Klik " sign up to be paid by prepaid mastercard" (bergaris bawah dan berwarna biru) anda akan diarahkan untuk membuat kartu debit mastercard,
25. Klik "Get your prepaid mastercard now"
26. Ikuti dan isi setiap tahapnya, tikmark kotak yang sesuai dengan anda
27. Dibagian terakhir anda akan diminta untuk mengisi ID, isilah dengan no: KTP/SIM atau passport anda.

Dengan cara inilah kita bisa memiliki kartu debit mastercard melalui payoneer. Karena kalau kita langsung daftar melalui payoneer belum bisa karena Indonesia belum diakui.
Setelah selesai pendaftaran anda akan menerima email verifikasi dari payoneer/friendfinder. Ikuti saja step stepnya.

Jika kartu debit mastercard sudah anda terima (kurang lebih 3 minggu setelah pendafataran) jangan lupa aktivasi.

Jika kartu payoneer anda sudah terisi dana, uangnya bisa anda tarik dari ATM di seluruh dunia, disamping itu dapat anda pergunakan untuk verifikasi rekening paypal anda tanpa harus menggunakan kartu kredit ataupun membeli kartu kredit virtual. MUDAH BUKAN? SELAMAT BEKERJA.

BELAJAR FOREX UNTUK PEMULA

2009-03-28T08:56:00.001-07:00

Dalam dunia Forex (Foreign Exchange) Trading atau perdagangan mata uang ada pepatah yang mengatakan "Kalau anda mengerti Forex, maka hidup anda akan berubah, tetapi kalau anda ahli di bidang ini, anda akan menjadi kaya raya". Kalau bicara "Financial Freedom" mungkin yang benar-benar bisa dicapai dengan cepat adalah lewat dunia Forex ini.

Apa itu FOREX?

FOREX (Foreign Exchange) atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Valuta Asing (Bursa Valas) merupakan suatu jenis perdagangan atau transaksi yang memperdagangkan mata uang suatu negara terhadap mata uang negara lainnya yang melibatkan pasar-pasar uang utama di dunia selama 24 jam secara berkesinambungan. Jadi intinya dalam Forex trading cuma ada 2 transaksi saja yaitu jual-beli di mana anda harus membeli ketika harga mata uang jatuh (contohnya US$) dan menjualnya kembali ketika harganya naik ataupun sebaliknya seperti yang anda lakukan ketika bertransaksi dagang jual-beli barang.

Kalau anda terjun di bidang ini ibarat anda telah memulai usaha "Money Changer" dengan modal dengkul karena lewat sistem ini anda bisa mendapatkan uang lewat otak (kepintaran) dan pengalaman anda karena sistem yang ditawarkan tidak memerlukan modal awal alias GRATIS dan bahkan anda diberikan modal untuk trading sebesar $5.

Di dunia Forex memang banyak orang yang bisa kaya mendadak atau malah sebaliknya terutama orang-orang yang tidak ahli di bidang ini, atau sekedar coba-coba dan tidak berpengalaman dengan modal nekat langsung trading. Jadi kami sarankan anda untuk belajar terlebih dahulu dan coba dahulu simulasi trading dan kalau anda sudah merasa cukup baru anda trading sesungguhnya. Mencoba di Forex Trading tidak akan dikenakan biaya jadi ambil waktu anda untuk belajar karena mungkin Forex Trading bisa mengubah hidup anda.

Kita bisa melihat orang-orang kaya di dunia dari bidang ini seperti George Soros (anda pasti tahu yang satu ini karena dituding penyebab krisis ekonomi di Indonesia tahun 1997-1998) dan Warren Buffet (orang terkaya di dunia saat ini, yang mempunyai perusahaan investasi dan asuransi). Keduanya bisa dibilang merupakan ahli keuangan dan investasi baik di bidang forex maupun bidang lainnya seperti index, saham, obligasi dan sebagainya.

Memulai Forex Trading sebenarnya sangat mudah dan anda cuma perlu 10 hingga 15 menit untuk melakukannya. Kami membagi cara ber-trading Forex yang benar bagi pemula dalam 4 tahap penting. Kalau anda seorang pemula, harap ikuti dan pelajari tahap-tahap ini

Anda memerlukan panduan belajar forex untuk pemula .... silahkan hubungi saya, ada ebook lengkap forex untuk pemula beserta indikator dalam pembacaan grafik yang sangat mudah sehingga anda bisa belajar cepat dalam teknikal analisis, sehingga bisa melakukan bisnis ini dalam waktu singkat.

MEMPERCEPAT KONEKSI DENGAN DNS

2009-02-21T22:02:00.000-08:00

Koneksi internet yang stabil dan cepat serta murah adalah dambaan para netter saat ini, tetapi dengan koneksi internet dengan biaya murah, biasanya koneksinya sangat lambat, ini dikarenakan jatah bandwith yang diberikan ISP sangat minim.

Misalkan koneksi anda dengan menggunakan jalur wirrelles menggunakan HP sebagai modem, akan lah sangat lambat koneksi yang anda dapat.

Dengan ini saya akan membagi trik agar koneksi anda stabil dan lumayan lebih cepat 3X apabila menggunakan koneksi sebelumnya.

Gunakanlah DNS pada setting koneksi anda, karena dengan menggunakan DNS maka data yang mengalir pada receive data anda lebih stabil, dan biasanya anda bisa menggunakan DNS publik yang telah di sediakan.

DNS publik :

Prefered DNS : 208.067.222.222
Alternate DNS : 208.067.220.220

Anda bisa menggunakan konfigurasi DNS pada koneksi anda, bagi yang belum mengetahui cara setting DNS pada koneksi anda anda bisa mengikuti langkah-langkah di bawah ini :

1. Klik pada Icon koneksi internet anda.
2. Klik "properties"
3. Pada menu tab pilih "Networking"
4. kemudian klik " Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)"
5. klik "Properties"
6. Kenudian pilih pada " Use the following DNS server Address"
7. Masukan DNS di atas, baik Prefered maupun Alternate DNS nya.
8. kemudian klik "ok" dan koneksikan koneksi internet anda.

Setelah itu coba anda rasakan perbedaan kecepatan yang telah memakai DNS tersebut pasti lebih cepat dan stabil dari biasanya, selamat mencoba semoga bermanfaat buat anda.

TIP DAN TRIK KONEKSI INTERNET MURAH

2009-02-11T02:33:00.000-08:00

Saya akan berbagi pengalaman dalam memilih koneksi internet untuk pribadi, setelah sekian banyak yang saya coba, berbagai jenis koneksi, akhirya jatuh pada IM2 (hehehe... bukan promosi lho ...), hanya dengan memanfaatkan Handphone, kabel data .. surfing deh......

Mengenai biaya jangan tanya on line 24 jam sehari full 1 bulan hanya Rp. 100.000,00 saja .... wahhh ngirit uang di kantong kan ....

Saya bagi tip nya buat anda untuk koneksi internet melalui IM2 broom dari indosat.
Siapkan Handphone (minimal bisa GPRS, lebih bagus lagi yang sudah 3G)
Kabel data yang support dengan Handphone anda
Kartu IM2 broom yang bisa di beli di galery indosat cukup Rp. 175,000,00 saja
Koneksikan Handphone ke Pc anda melalui kabel data
Install modem ke PC anda (biasanya CD driver sudah tersedia ketika anda membeli modem atau kabel data)
Setelah terdeteksi modem kemudian anda buat koneksinya
isi user name : indosatm2
Password : prabayar
APN : indosatm2
Dial number : *99#
Setelah semua tersetting sempurna anda tinggal klik dial pada koneksi anda.

Selamat berinternet ria tanpa dibebani tagihan yang menggunung, ini hasil kecepatan yang di peroleh dengan koneksi IM2 menggunakan jalur GPRS, (lumayan lebih cepat dibanding telkomnet instant)

Hasil pengukuran kecepatan koneksi :

Keceptan di ukur dari sijiwae.net pada jam 15.25 dengan koneksi GPRS

Kecepatan di ukur pada jam 15.40 dengan menggunakan jalur 3G

Selamat berinternet ria, tanpa kantong kebobolan .....

Mempercepat Browsing pada Mozzila Firefox

2009-02-11T02:21:00.000-08:00

Saya akan membagi sedikit trik mempercepat browsing di Mozila Firefox anda.

Pada address bar aMozzila anda anda bisa ketikan --> about:config
setelah masuk pada menu konfig, pada address config anda ketikan --> network.http
maka akan keluar menu network anda.
cari --> network.http.max-connections-per-server (isikan angka 20)
Pada --> network.http.pipelining (ganti status false menjadi "true" dengan mengklik 2x)
Di --> network.http.pipelining.maxrequests ( untuk pentium III anda bisa isi "10000" dan untuk pentium 4 ke atas anda bisa isikan "20000~40000" jangan lebih dari 40000 karena system anda bisa crash !!!)
Kemudian --> network.http.proxy.pipelining (ganti false menjadi "true")
Setelah itu tutup mozilla firefox anda, kemudian anda jalankan lagi .. rasakan bedanya ketika anda browsing maka akan lebih cepat 3x dalam membuka halaman di badingkan sebelumnya.

Selamat mencoba trik ini semonga bermanfaat dalam mempercepat browsing terutama yang mempunyai koneksi yang lambat.

CARA MEMASANG KABEL UTP Cat-5

2009-02-10T09:35:00.001-08:00

Shielded twisted pair (STP atau STP-A), Shielded twisted pair atau STP adalah kabel pasangan berpilin yang memiliki perlindungan dari logam untuk melindungi kabel dari intereferensi elektromagnetik luar. Untuk pemasangan jaringan pada saat ini biasanya digunakan pengkabelan UTP category 5.

Cara pemasangan urutan warna kabel di bagi 2 system. anda bisa lihat gambar di bawah ini :

Semoga bermanfaat bagi yang ingin mengetahui cara susunan pemasangan kabel jaringan (LAN)

Understanding Forex Statistics

2008-11-06T23:43:00.001-08:00

Once you become somewhat familiar with how the forex market works, and you understand to a point what is involved in trading on the Foreign Exchange Market, you would want to start to gauge market trends in order to profit from your business ventures on the open market.

The name of the game is statistics, and the first rule is that you must be aware there is no such thing as a sure thing on the forex market. While you can never be 100% sure at any given time of the next move that will be made on the market as a whole, being able to read statistics and interpret them will place you ahead of the pack in regards to "guessing" what will happen next.

Forex trading is a lot like gambling. If you can keep track of the cards that have already been played, you are more informed, statistically, regarding what is likely to be dealt next, meaning you can place a bet with greater insight than someone who has no clue what has already been played. With the forex market, if you have information as to what has already occurred over the past few days, months, or even years, you are again placed in a better position to more logically conclude what will happen next. You simply learn the pattern and follow it to the end, reaping the financial rewards.

Charts And Chartists

Wait, did you think you were going to have to research and map out the market's past all by yourself? Of course not! There are people who get paid to do that sort of work. They monitor the market hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly so that they can provide big-time traders with the same knowledge mentioned before. The more a trading company knows about the market, the more money they can make.

The best part of this is that you have access to the same information as these VIP clients. Chartists, who are essentially market analysts that publish their findings in easy to read charts, produce what is referred to as a candlestick charts. These charts are basically a combination of a line graph and a bar graph that show the trend of various stocks, indexes, or other interests over a specified period of time. Therefore, you can easily determine if the currency is on an uptrend or if it is taking a downturn, when the last major change occurred, and how long it is predicted that the currency pair will continue on the current path.

If your broker does not supply you with these charts, then you should easily be able to draw them yourself with the modern day charting software or trading platform that you get from your broker. These software platforms can draw most charts for you by entering a couple of parameters and viewing the result.

It is recommended however that you learn at least the basics of charting and statistics before you start trading live.

If you want learning invest online in forex you can contact me at : +62 22 76771369

PUTRA DHASHA NETWORK: How To Make A Living As A Day Trader

2008-09-22T01:06:00.000-07:00

PUTRA DHASHA NETWORK: How To Make A Living As A Day Trader

3 Solid Reasons Trading

2008-09-19T14:53:00.000-07:00

Invest in Forex Automated Trading Software

Forex automated trading software can help anyone, regardless of where they are in their forex career. Newer traders are more likely to consider it than a trader who has been trading for years and gotten set in their ways. I'll even see this in my friends who have been trading for a couple of years more than I have. They believe they've learned all they can about the market and are happy with their rut. I enjoy being every bit as successful as they are while doing a fraction of the work. If you're still on the fence as to whether or not forex automated trading software would work for you, consider these three advantages running an auto forex enterprise holds over the alternative.

Signal Generation – Signal generation is a major bonus which comes with using forex automated trading software. This is the function of the program which uses complex mathematical algorithms to analyze the market's trends and uses the data it collects to predict where the market will go next. This allows you to trade ahead of the curve and use these tips to take advantages that other traders can't. You don't have to worry about human error in this case like you would if you relied forex analysts. Constant free updates to the program keep your predictions as precise as possible. If you always want to have the most precise information for your trading available, there is no substitute for auto trading software.

Safety Net – With their stop loss and take profit protocols, you'll never have to worry about one of your investments changing in the middle of the night and bottoming out with all of your savings with it. At the earliest indication that the market is about to turn against your favor, the program trades off and minimizes your losses. Conversely, it also trades to maximize your profits, as well, in cooperation with its signal generation. This gives you peace of mind at knowing you're being taken care of.

Around the Clock – I briefly touched on this, but as the forex market keeps tireless hours, it's imperative that you have the ability to stay up with it. It's just common sense that if you want to be able to take advantage of a great trade, you've got to be there to do it. At least that's how it used to be. Forex automated trading software affords you the opportunity to run a successful forex auto enterprise which will reliably and steadily build you wealth, but also have a life outside of your trades.

If you're interested in reliable and guaranteed income, consider forex automated trading software by visiting http://www.forexautotradingreviewed.com for reviews and immediate test trials of the leading and most accurate forex systems and signal generators.

Build Warnet (internet tenancy)

2008-09-11T12:28:00.000-07:00

everything exist in internet?

Internet is watched over by agreement bi- or multilateral and spesification teknikal (protocol explain about data transfer between series). these protocols is formed based on internet discussion engineering task force (ietf), opened to general.

This body takes document that identified as rfc (request for comments). some of rfc made standard internet (standards internet), by internet architecture body (internet architecture board - iab).

Internet protocols often used like, ip, tcp, udp, dns, ppp, slip, icmp, pop3, imap, smtp, http, https, ssh, telnet, ftp, ldap, and ssl.

Several popular services at internet that uses protocol above, electronic email/mail, usenet, newsgroup, file partnerships (file sharing), www (world wide web), gopher, session access (session access), wais, finger, irc, mud, and mush. between all this, electronic email/mail and world wide web more often used, and more many servis that built based on it, like milis (mailing
list) and weblog. internet makes existence servis kini (real-time service), like radio web, and webcast, can be accessinged in all the world. besides pass internet is maked to consolidations directly between two users or more pass instant message sender program likes camfrog, pidgin (gaim), trilian, kopete, yahoo! messenger, msn messenger and windows live messenger.

Several servis popular internet based on closed system ? (proprietary system), like irc, icq, aim, cddb, and gnutella.

what got and profit from internet?

Big internet user total and more bloom, realize internet culture. has also big influence on science, and opinion world. with only use from search engine likes google, user in all has easy internet access on diverse information.

Compared with book and library, internet symbolizes spreads (decentralization) / erudition (knowledge) information and data according to extreme.

Also influence economy development. various previous sales transaction only can be done by tatap face (and a part very little pass post or telephone), now very easy and often done pass internet. transaction passes this internet is known by the name of e-commerce. Related to government, also trigger grow it execution transparency government passes e-government.

Country with best internet access belongs south korea (50% than has access broadband), and swed. found two internet access form general, that is dial-up, and broadband. in indonesia, like where does internet access and penetration pc still also low another around 42% from internet access passes facilities public internet aksss like warnet, cybercafe, hotspot etc. another general place often worn for internet access at campus and office.

we have e-book pilot to build warnet simple from begin, capital need calculation, luck lost it until, installing manner warnet you up to functioned with sofware supporter to make a warnet.

USE BOLLINGER BAND IN TRADING

2008-09-07T04:59:00.000-07:00

In addition to identifying relative price levels and volatility, Bollinger Bands can be combined with price action and other indicators to generate signals and foreshadow significant moves.

Double bottom Buy: A Double Bottom Buy signal is given when prices penetrate the lower band and remain above the lower band after a subsequent low forms. Either low can be higher or lower than the other. The important thing is that the second low remains above the lower band. The bullish setup is confirmed when the price moves above the middle band, or simple moving average.

AT&T (T) provides an example of a Double Bottom Buy signal. The stock penetrated the lower band in late September (red arrow) and then held above on the subsequent test in October. The October breakout above the middle band (green circle) provided the bullish confirmation.

Double Top Sell: A Double Top Sell signal is given when prices peak above the upper band and a subsequent peak fails to break above the upper band. The bearish setup is confirmed when prices decline below the middle band.

Sharp price changes can occur after the bands have tightened and volatility is low. In this instance, Bollinger Bands do not give any hint as to the future direction of prices. Direction must be determined using other indicators and aspects of technical analysis. Many securities go through periods of high volatility followed by periods of low volatility. Using Bollinger Bands, these periods can be easily identified with a visual assessment. Tight bands indicate low volatility and wide bands indicate high volatility. Volatility can be important for options players because options prices will be cheaper when volatility is low.

Bollinger Band

2008-09-07T04:50:00.000-07:00

A band plotted two standard deviations away from a simple moving average.

In this example of Bollinger bands, the price of the stock is banded by an upper and lower band along with a 21-day simple moving average.

Because standard deviation is a measure of volatility, Bollinger bands adjust themselves to the market conditions. When the markets become more volatile, the bands widen (move further away from the average), and during less volatile periods, the bands contract (move closer to the average). The tightening of the bands is often used by technical traders as an early indication that the volatility is about to increase sharply.

This is one of the most popular technical analysis techniques. The closer the prices move to the upper band, the more overbought the market, and the closer the prices move to the lower band, the more oversold the market.

Bollinger Bands are a technical trading tool created by John Bollinger in the early 1980s. They arose from the need for adaptive trading bands and the observation that volatility was dynamic, not static as was widely believed at the time.

The purpose of Bollinger Bands is to provide a relative definition of high and low. By definition prices are high at the upper band and low at the lower band. This definition can aid in rigorous pattern recognition and is useful in comparing price action to the action of indicators to arrive at systematic trading decisions.

Bollinger Bands consist of a set of three curves drawn in relation to securities prices. The middle band is a measure of the intermediate-term trend, usually a simple moving average, that serves as the base for the upper and lower bands. The interval between the upper and lower bands and the middle band is determined by volatility, typically the standard deviation of the same data that were used for the average. The default parameters, 20 periods and two standard deviations, may be adjusted to suit your purposes:

Middle Bollinger Band = 20-period simple moving average
Upper Bollinger Band = Middle Bollinger Band + 2 * 20-period standard deviation
Lower Bollinger Band = Middle Bollinger Band - 2 * 20-period standard deviation

Two important tools are derived from the Bollinger Bands: BandWidth, a relative measure of the width of the bands, and %b, a measure of where the last price is in relation to the bands.

BandWidth = (Upper Bollinger Band - Lower Bollinger Band) / Middle Bollinger Band
%b = (Last - Lower Bollinger Band) / (Upper Bollinger Band - Lower Bollinger Band)

BandWidth is most often used to quantify The Squeeze, a volatility-based trading opportunity. %b is used to clarify trading patterns and as an input for trading systems.

UNIQUE IP

2008-08-27T18:58:00.000-07:00

Unique visitor

A unique visitor is a statistic describing a unit of traffic to a Web site, counting each visitor only once in the time frame of the report. This statistic is relevant to site publishers and advertisers as a measure of a site's true audience size, equivalent to the term "Reach" used in other media.

The number of Total Visitors to a site divided by Unique Visitors results in the derived statistic "Average Sessions Per Unique Visitor" which tells a publisher how many times each Unique Visitor came to their site on average in the time frame of the report. Average Sessions Per Unique Visitor is equivalent to "Frequency" used in other media.

The Unique Visitors statistic is most accurately measured in two ways with current technology:

by requiring all Visitors to log-in to the site, thereby capturing the identity of each Visitor on each visit, or
by placing a cookie on each Visitor's computer, writing the cookie ID to a database, and checking for the cookie on each Visitor's computer each time they visit.

Some log file analysis software products calculate a proxy for Unique Visitors by counting the number of visitors from unique IP addresses. This statistic is a poor measure as it is distorted by two main factors:

Many consumers access the internet from networks that allow them to share a single IP address, which results in the IP address proxy undercounting Unique Visitors. Tracking the visitor's UserAgent (browser identification information) in addition to the IP address can help mitigate this, but many of the users that share a single IP address may also use the same browser.
There are also Internet Service Providers (ISP), such as AOL and cable modem providers, that use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) which can provide their customers with a different IP addresses for each request they make from a site, thereby making one visitor look like many, thereby causing the IP address proxy to overcount Unique Users. However, most only do this after a timeout period when they run out of available IP addresses.

Many log file analysis products also use a proxy for Unique Visitors in which they count multiple visitors from the same IP Address if they don't visit the site within the same 30-minute window. This statistic results in a higher number than counting unique IP addresses, but is not equivalent to Unique Visitors as there is no guarantee that a visitor from the same IP Address outside the 30-minute window is a different visitor than a previous Visitor within the window.

Criticism

The science of tracking Internet usage is still far from perfect. Marketers rely heavily on comScore and the other major Web-measurement company, Nielsen Online, when trying to decide how to spend their online ad dollars. Advertisers study their data - including a Web site's total visitors or page views and time spent on the site -- to try to determine which sites are popular among particular demographic groups or in certain topic areas, such as news or sports. They typically compare those data with a Web site's own figures. Both Web-measurement companies have gaps in their research. Because they use panels of Web users to gather data and then extrapolate, the results are estimates. And both companies lack the capacity to measure total international audiences. The companies are trying to address those shortcomings by looking for ways to increase the size and depth of their panels, investing in technology and expanding overseas. Nielsen Online, which is owned by the audience-measurement firm Nielsen, also is trying to combine its Web research with usage data from other media, such as mobile-phone and television measures. To complicate matters, disparities between comScore and Nielsen data are common, as the two companies use different methodologies to measure their audience panels.

Source From : wikipedia.org

HP Pavilion S3420F

2008-08-15T12:55:00.000-07:00

HP Pavilion S3420F Slimline Desktop PC (AMD Athlon 64 X 2 Dual Core 5400+ Processor, 3 GB RAM, 500 GB Hard Drive, DVD Drive, Vista Premium)

Product Description

Get all the power and functionality of a fully loaded desktop PC in a space-saving design that's one-third the size of a conventional tower. HP Pavilion PC's feature the exclusive Pocket Media Drive bay that allows you to add instant storage. The Pocket Media Drive also works with any USB enabled PC. The front-panel 15-in-1 memory card reader makes it easy to transfer photos and files to and from your digital camera and other peripheral devices. The SuperMulti DVD burner with LightScribe technology lets you create custom, silkscreen-quality labels and artwork directly onto LightScribe-enabled CD and DVD discs. You have Internet access anywhere in your home with the built-in 802.11G wireless. The built-in TV tuner and personal video recorder (PVR) let you watch, pause, rewind, and record live television - with no monthly fee. The free online Electronic Program Guide (EPG) lets you review the TV schedule and choose a single episode or an entire series. Windows Vista Service Pack 1 provides the latest operating system improvements and enhancements from Microsoft. NVIDIA GeForce 6150 SE with 128MB dedicated with up to 1343MB Shared Graphics Memory NTSC TV tuner over-the-air ATSC high-definition television tuner with PVR LightScribe SuperMulti DVD+-R/RW with Double Layer High Definition Audio, 6 speaker configurable Built-in 802.11B/G Wireless 10/100BaseT Ethernet LAN 15-in-1 card reader Front ports - 2 x USB, Headphone Back ports - 4 x USB, IEEE 1394, 2 x PS2 ports (keyboard, mouse), Digital Audio Out, Microphone/Line-in/Line-out, RJ-45 (LAN), RJ-11 (Modem), VGA Expansion slots - 1 x PCI (occupied), 1 x PCI Express x16 (available) Drive bays - 1 x external 5.25 (occupied), 1 x external 3.5 (occupied), 1 x internal 3.5 (occupied) Monitor is not included.

Product Details

Amazon Sales Rank: #71 in Personal Computers
Color: Black/ Silver
Brand: Hewlett-Packard
Model: S3420F
Dimensions: 8.50" h x 13.89" w x 4.21" l, 19.65 pounds
CPU: AMD Athlon 64 X2 2.8 GHz
Memory: 3000MB DDR2 SDRAM
Hard Disk: 500GB
Processors: 2

Features

Powerful, slim PC that's one-third the size of a traditional PC tower with sleek, silver-and-black chassis
2.8 GHz AMD Athlon 64 X2 5400+ dual-core processor, 500 GB hard drive, 3 GB RAM (4 GB max), 16x LightScribe DVD drive
NTSC/ATSC TV tuners, 54g Wi-Fi LAN (802.11b/g), 10/100 Ethernet, Nvidia GeForce Go 6150 video card with up to 1343 MB of available memory
Connectivity: 6 USB, 1 FireWire, 1 VGA, 1 line-out, 1 microphone/line-in, 1 S/PDIF out, 2 PS/2, 15-in-1 memory card reader
Pre-installed with Windows Vista Home Premium (Service Pack 1); includes wired keyboard/mouse

2008-08-10T20:47:00.000-07:00

Ways To Boost Your Affiliate Commissions Overnight

· The ideal world of affiliate marketing does not require having your won website, dealing with customers, refunds, product development and maintenance. This is one of the easiest ways of launching into an online business and earning more profit. Assuming you are already into an affiliate program, what would be the next thing you would want to do? Double, or even triple, your commissions, right? How do you do that.
Here are some powerful tips on how to boost your affiliate program commissions overnight.

Know the best program and products to promote. Obviously, you would want to promote a program that will enable you to achieve the greatest profits in the shortest possible time.
There are several factors to consider in selecting such a program. Choose the ones that have a generous commission structure. Have products that fit in with your target audience. And that has a solid track record of paying their affiliate easily and on time. If you cannot seem to increase your investments, dump that program and keep looking for better ones.
There are thousands of affiliate programs online which gives you the reason to be picky. You may want to select the best to avoid losing your advertising dollars.
Write free reports or short ebooks to distribute from your site. There is a great possibility that you are competing with other affiliates that are promoting the same program. If you start writing short report related to the product you are promoting, you will be able to distinguish yourself from the other affiliates.
In the reports, provide some valuable information for free. If possible, add some recommendations about the products. With ebooks, you get credibility. Customers will see that in you and they will be enticed to try out what you are offering.
Collect and save the email addresses of those who download your free ebooks. It is a known fact that people do not make a purchase on the first solicitation. You may want to send out your message more than six times to make a sale.
This is the simple reason why you should collect the contact information of those who downloaded your reports and ebooks. You can make follow-ups on these contacts to remind them to make a purchase from you.
Get the contact information of a prospect before sending them to the vendor's website. Keep in mind that you are providing free advertisement for the product owners. You get paid only when you make a sale. If you send prospects directly to the vendors, chances are they would be lost to you forever.
But when you get their names, you can always send other marketing messages to them to be able to earn an ongoing commission instead of a one-time sale only.
Publish an online newsletter or Ezine. It is always best to recommend a product to someone you know than to sell to a stranger. This is the purpose behind publishing your own newsletter. This also allows you to develop a relationship based on trust with your subscribers.
This strategy is a delicate balance between providing useful information with a sales pitch. If you continue to write informative editorials you will be able to build a sense of reciprocity in your readers that may lead them to support you by buying your products.
Ask for higher than normal commission from merchants. If you are already successful with a particular promotion, you should try and approach the merchant and negotiate a percentage commission for your sales.
If the merchant is smart, he or she will likely grant your request rather than lose a valuable asset in you. Keep in mind that you are a zero-risk investment to your merchant; so do not be shy about requesting for addition in your commissions. Just try to be reasonable about it.
Write strong pay Per Click ads. PPC search engine is the most effective means of advertising online. As an affiliate, you can make a small income just by managing PPC campaigns such as Google AdWords and Overture. Then you should try and monitor them to see which ads are more effective and which ones to dispose of.

Try out these strategies and see the difference it can make to your commission checks in the shortest of time.

Internet ScamBusters "Snippets"

2008-08-07T10:24:00.000-07:00

Beware of These Email Bank Scams

One of the most popular identity theft scams is to send spam to potential victims advising them that they need to visit a financial service's Web site to update or confirm their personal information.

Naturally, the URL in the scam email sends the victim to a phony Web site, and when the victim has divulged his or her personal and credit card information, the scammer can make off with lots of cash -- and perhaps the victim's identity as well.

Later in this issue you'll read about how scammers are targeting Best Buy and eBay users with similar schemes, but this section describes the latest forged emails purporting to be from banks. Don't be fooled...

1. Citibank c2it

The scam: You're a user of the c2it money transfer service from Citibank, and you receive an email saying that your account has been placed on hold for security measure maintenance. You're asked to visit a Web site to confirm your account information.

Tip-offs that it's a scam: Not many. It's a professional looking email, with a Citibank logo. One tip is that the return header is from a Hotmail address. Another tip is that, if you click the submit button, the link takes the user to a site owned by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

2. Bank of America

The scam: You're a customer of the Bank of America, and you receive an email from custommersupport@bankofamerica.com with a subject line "Security Server Update." It informs you that because of a 'technical update' you need to reactivate your account by visiting a URL and re-entering your personal information.

Tip-offs that it's a scam: It contains many spelling and grammar errors. As well, the URL leads to a broken Web site (it has been taken down).

3. First Union Bank

The scam: You're a customer of First Union, and you receive an email from bankaccount@firstunion.com telling you that First Union has lost your online banking user name and password. The email tells you to go to a Web site and re-enter the information.

This one is particularly nasty, because simply visiting the Web site downloads a 'backdoor' Trojan program to your computer that can give scammers the ability to control your computer remotely.

Tip-offs that it's a scam: The URL given is a firstunion.com address. Wachovia.com is now the Internet address for both First Union and Wachovia customers.

How can you avoid getting scammed this way?

First, be calm. Most of us receiving an email like this might be alarmed that our account was frozen or our credit card information had been stolen. But by being calm, you can make sure you assess the situation rationally instead of just following the instructions in the email.
Recognize that legitimate companies never request this information via email. When you get this kind of email, realize the chances are excellent that it's a scam.
Go to the official Web site for the financial institution directly by typing its URL in the address bar of a Web browser, *not* by clicking any hyperlink in an email. If there is a real problem, it will most likely be on the home page.
If you're still uncertain, email or call the company's customer support department, and ask them to confirm the email's authenticity. They will then tell you what to do next.

BECAREFULL ABOUT AUTOSURF PROGRAM

2008-08-07T10:08:00.000-07:00

Autosurf Sites: A Real Way to Earn Money or a Scam?

Autosurf sites promise members payment for viewing ads -- often very large amounts of money. They claim autosurfing is a great way to make money -- and they are extremely popular right now.

But how legitimate are these autosurf sites -- and can you really make any money?

This has become a very hot question, because the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) recently filed fraud charges against the owner of perhaps the largest autosurf site, 12dailypro.com, and alleged this site was actually a $50 million Ponzi scam.

(A Ponzi or pyramid scheme is a scam that promises people outrageous returns or payments, and pays them with money from new investors or members instead of money generated from the business. Since this is not sustainable over time, Ponzi scams always collapse and people who join later always lose money. Ponzi scams are illegal in the US.)

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The Concept of Autosurfing

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Autosurf is a controversial form of online advertising, where different advertised websites are automatically rotated in the viewer's browser. Advertisers, of course, pay the autosurf company to have their websites as part of the rotation. Viewers are paid cash or credit to view the advertised websites.

Autosurf sites are rotated automatically for the viewer. No interaction is required for most autosurf programs, so there is usually no way for advertisers to know if the viewers are even seeing the ads.

In fact, many autosurfers leave their computers and go and get a cup of coffee or go to the gym while the autosurf ads are being displayed. This is a huge disadvantage for the advertisers.

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Why People Autosurf

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The primary reason people autosurf is to earn cash or credits. Some autosurf sites require people to add their own money, which combines some kind of job (watching the ads) with a type of "investment" or "membership."

The second reason people autosurf is to get traffic to their own websites. Some autosurf programs will show your website to other members in direct proportion to how many times you view other websites. For example, you might earn one credit to have your website shown for every two websites you view. Websites that are purely for traffic and require no monetary investment are called "traffic exchange" programs and are not Ponzi scams.

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Legitimate Autosurf Programs

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There are autosurf programs that do indeed pay their members money. However, it's important to note that the money being paid to the site's autosurfers isn't coming from the members themselves. The money is coming from paid advertisers.

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Here is how a legitimate autosurf program works:

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Advertisers pay the autosurf company x dollars per thousand impressions. (An impression is when the website is displayed in the viewer's browser as part of the rotation.)

For example, it's not uncommon for an advertiser to pay $1 to $2 per thousand impressions. That means the advertiser is paying the autosurf company $.001 to $.002 per impression. Then the autosurf company pays their autosurfers a percentage of that amount -- for example, half of the amount it gets paid by the advertisers.

That means that an autosurfer would have to have 1,000 to 2,000 websites displayed in their browser rotation to earn $1.00! Since each website is usually displayed for 15 to 30 seconds, it's easy to see that these autosurf programs will not lead to riches.

Now, the companies who are buying advertising know that they are getting impressions and not necessarily visitors. That's why the cost of autosurf advertising is so low. And as you can see, that's also why autosurfers aren't getting rich off of their autosurfing efforts.

Again, notice that in the above example, the money being paid to the autosurfers is coming from the paid advertisers, not from the members themselves.

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What About Autosurf Sites That May Be Ponzi Schemes?

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At these sites, you don't autosurf for free -- you have to invest in the autosurf program. These sites promise that you will get paid to autosurf, and the amount you get paid is often proportional to your investment.

Usually, there is a wide range in the amount you can invest -- from just a few dollars to thousands of dollars. And, you're promised a very high rate of return: 1% to 10+% per DAY for 100 to 500 days.

The more you invest, the more you are told you'll earn for your viewing of the advertised sites.

These sites also have a recruitment component. In other words, you recruit others to participate in the program. That's part of the system.

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How Do You Know if an Autosurf Program Is Legitimate?

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Here are four important questions to ask:

1. Are the payouts high? If you are promised unusually high earnings, be VERY skeptical.

2. Do you need to invest your money to autosurf? In general, you should never have to pay to get a job. Again, be very skeptical if you are asked to pay or invest to join.

3. Where is the money to pay you coming from? Is it coming from advertisers paying the autosurf company or from other members' fees?

4. Are the payouts related to what you are doing? Why should you earn more money for viewing the same ads if you have more money invested in the program? (After all, advertisers don't get more benefit if you've invested more money.)

Caveat: You can always ignore good testimonials in deciding whether or not something is a Ponzi scam. Ponzi scams DO pay their early members (usually outrageous amounts), so Ponzi scams will have great testimonials. Ponzi scams fall apart when not enough new members join or when there are complaints that generate investigations -- that's when people stop getting paid and millions of dollars are often lost.

Another characteristic of Ponzi scams is that they often have a very charismatic founder. This is certainly not a requirement of a Ponzi scam, but often people who have been scammed will later still defend the founder who scammed them.

Currently, the SEC has filed fraud charges against the owner of 12dailypro.com. The owner is accused of running a $50 million Ponzi scam and pocketing $1.9 million into her personal bank accounts. According to an SEC statement, "at least 95 percent of revenues have come from new investments in the form of membership fees from new or existing members. The other 'multiple income streams' from advertising revenues or off-site investments were either negligible or non-existent." 12dailypro.com, which had over 300,000 members, has ceased operations.

12dailypro.com is only one of many, very similar autosurf programs out there.

Are these current autosurf sites Ponzi scams? We'll let the FBI and SEC make the final determination. In the meantime, we recommend you look at any autosurf program VERY skeptically and ask (and get good answers to) the four questions above before you make a decision to join any autosurf program.

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SO NEVER TRHOW YOUR MONEY FOR AUTOSURF PROGRAM, JUST LOOKING FOR FREE NO RISK FOR YOU IF THAT A SCAM, YOU JUST LOST YOUR TIME NO LOST YOUR MONEY !!!!!

Moving Average Settings

2008-08-05T04:12:00.000-07:00

Moving Average Settings

Once a security has been deemed to have enough characteristics of trend, the next task will be to select the number of moving average periods and type of moving average. The number of periods used in a moving average will vary according to the security's volatility, trendiness and personal preferences. The more volatility there is, the more smoothing that will be required and hence the longer the moving average. Stocks that do not exhibit strong characteristics of trend may also require longer moving averages. There is no one set length, but some of the more popular lengths include 21, 50, 89, 150 and 200 days as well as 10, 30 and 40 weeks. Short-term traders may look for evidence of 2-3 week trends with a 21-day moving average, while longer-term investors may look for evidence of 3-4 month trends with a 40-week moving average. Trial and error is usually the best means for finding the best length. Examine how the moving average fits with the price data. If there are too many breaks, lengthen the moving average to decrease its sensitivity. If the moving average is slow to react, shorten the moving average to increase its sensitivity. In addition, you may want to try using both simple and exponential moving averages. Exponential moving averages are usually best for short-term situations that require a responsive moving average. Simple moving averages work well for longer-term situations that do not require a lot of sensitivity.

Uses for Moving Averages

There are many uses for moving averages, but three basic uses stand out:

Trend identification/confirmation
Support and Resistance level identification/confirmation
Trading Systems

Trend Identification/Confirmation

There are three ways to identify the direction of the trend with moving averages: direction, location and crossovers.

The first trend identification technique uses the direction of the moving average to determine the trend. If the moving average is rising, the trend is considered up. If the moving average is declining, the trend is considered down. The direction of a moving average can be determined simply by looking at a plot of the moving average or by applying an indicator to the moving average. In either case, we would not want to act on every subtle change, but rather look at general directional movement and changes.

In the case of Disney (DIS), a 100-day exponential moving average (EMA) has been used to determine the trend. We do not want to act on every little change in the moving average, but rather significant upturns and downturns. This is not a scientific study, but a number of significant turning points can be spotted just based on visual observation (red circles). A few good signals were rendered, but also a few whipsaws and late signals. Much of the performance would depend on your entry and exit points. The length of the moving average influences the number of signals and their timeliness. Moving averages are lagging indicators. Therefore, the longer the moving average is, the further behind the price movement it will be. For quicker signals, a 50-day EMA could have been used.

The second technique for trend identification is price location. The location of the price relative to the moving average can be used to determine the basic trend. If the price is above the moving average, the trend is considered up. If the price is below the moving average, the trend is considered down.

This example is pretty straightforward. The long-term for Cisco (CSCO) is determined by the location of the stock relative to its 100-day SMA. When CSCO is above its 100-day SMA, the trend is considered bullish. When the stock is below the 100-day SMA, the trend is considered bearish. Buy and sell signals are generated by crosses above and below the moving average. There was a brief sell signal generated in Aug-99 and a false buy signal in July-00. Both of these signals occurred when Cisco's trend began to weaken. For the most part though, this simple method would have kept an investor in throughout most of the bull move.

The third technique for trend identification is based on the location of the shorter moving average relative to the longer moving average. If the shorter moving average is above the longer moving average, the trend is considered up. If the shorter moving average is below the longer moving average, the trend is considered down.

For Inter-Tel (INTL), a 30/100 moving average crossover was used to determine the trend. When the 30-day moving average moves above the 100-day moving average, the trend is considered bullish. When the 30-day moving average declines below the 100-day moving average, the trend is considered bearish. A plot of the 30/100 differential is plotted below the price chart by using the Percentage Price Oscillator (PPO) set to (30,100,1). When the differential is positive the trend is considered up – when it is negative the trend is considered down. As with all trend-following systems, the signals work well when the stock develops a strong trend, but are ineffective when the stock is in a trading range. Also notice that the signals tend to be late and after the move has begun. Again, trend following indicators are best for identification and following, not predicting.

Support and Resistance Levels

Another use of moving averages is to identify support and resistance levels. This is usually accomplished with one moving average and is based on historical precedent. As with trend identification, support and resistance level identification through moving averages works best in trending markets.

After breaking out of a trading range, Sun Microsystems (SUNW) successfully tested moving average support in late July and early August. Also notice that the June resistance breakout near 18 turned into support. Therefore, the moving average acted as a confirmation of resistance-turned-support. After this first test, the 50-day moving average went on to 4 more successful support tests over the next several months. A break of support from the 50-day moving average would serve as a warning that the stock may move into a trading range or may be about to change the direction of the trend. Such a break occurred in Apr-00 and the 50-day SMA turned into resistance later that month. When the stock broke above the 50-day SMA in early Jun-00, it returned to a support level until the Oct-00 break. In Oct-00, the 50-day SMA became a resistance level and that held for many months.

Exponential Moving Average (EMA)

2008-08-05T04:11:00.001-07:00

In order to reduce the lag in simple moving averages, technicians often use exponential moving averages (also called exponentially weighted moving averages). EMA's reduce the lag by applying more weight to recent prices relative to older prices. The weighting applied to the most recent price depends on the specified period of the moving average. The shorter the EMA's period, the more weight that will be applied to the most recent price. For example: a 10-period exponential moving average weighs the most recent price 18.18% while a 20-period EMA weighs the most recent price 9.52%. As we'll see, the calculating and EMA is much harder than calculating an SMA. The important thing to remember is that the exponential moving average puts more weight on recent prices. As such, it will react quicker to recent price changes than a simple moving average. Here's the calculation formula.

Exponential Moving Average Calculation

Exponential Moving Averages can be specified in two ways - as a percent-based EMA or as a period-based EMA. A percent-based EMA has a percentage as it's single parameter while a period-based EMA has a parameter that represents the duration of the EMA.

The formula for an exponential moving average is:

EMA(current) = ( (Price(current) - EMA(prev) ) x Multiplier) + EMA(prev)

For a percentage-based EMA, "Multiplier" is equal to the EMA's specified percentage. For a period-based EMA, "Multiplier" is equal to 2 / (1 + N) where N is the specified number of periods.

For example, a 10-period EMA's Multiplier is calculated like this:

(2 / (Time periods + 1) ) = (2 / (10 + 1) ) = 0.1818 (18.18%)

This means that a 10-period EMA is equivalent to an 18.18% EMA.

Note: StockCharts.com only support period-based EMA's.

Below is a table with the results of an exponential moving average calculation for Eastman Kodak. For the first period's exponential moving average, the simple moving average was used as the previous period's exponential moving average (yellow highlight for the 10th period). From period 11 onward, the previous period's EMA was used. The calculation in period 11 breaks down as follows:

(C - P) = (57.15 - 59.439) = -2.289

(C - P) x K = -2.289 x .181818 = -0.4162

( (C - P) x K) + P = -0.4162 + 59.439 = 59.023

*The 10-period simple moving average is used for the first calculation only. After that the previous period's EMA is used.

(Download this table as an Excel spreadsheet)

Note that, in theory, every previous closing price in the data set is used in the calculation of each EMA that makes up the EMA line. While the impact of older data points diminishes over time, it never fully disappears. This is true regardless of the EMA's specified period. The effects of older data diminish rapidly for shorter EMA's. than for longer ones but, again, they never completely disappear.

Simple Versus Exponential

From afar, it would appear that the difference between an exponential moving average and a simple moving average is minimal. For this example, which uses only 20 trading days, the difference is minimal, but a difference nonetheless. The exponential moving average is consistently closer to the actual price. On average, the EMA is 3/8 of a point closer to the actual price than the SMA.

From day 10 to day 20, the EMA was closer to the price than the SMA 8 out of 11 times. The average absolute difference between the exponential moving average and the current price was 1.52 and the simple moving average had an average absolute difference of 1.69. This means that on average, the exponential moving average was 1.52 point above or below the current price and the simple moving average was 1.69 points above or below the current price.

When Kodak stopped falling and started to trade flat, the SMA kept on declining. During this period, the SMA was closer to the actual price than the EMA. The EMA began to level out with the actual price, and remain further away. This was because the actual price started to level out. Because of its lag, the SMA continued to decline and nearly touched the actual price on 13-Dec.

A comparison of a 50-day EMA and a 50-day SMA for IBM also shows that the EMA picks up on the trend quicker than the SMA. The blue arrows mark points when the stock started a strong trend. By giving more weight to recent prices, the EMA reacted quicker than the SMA and remained closer to the actual price. The gray circle shows when the trend began to slow and a trading range developed. When the change from trend to trading began, the SMA was closer to the price. As the trading range continued into 2001, both moving averages converged. In early 2001, CPQ started to trend up and the EMA was quicker to pick up on the recent price change and remain closer to the price.

Which is better?

Which moving average you use will depend on your trading and investing style and preferences. The simple moving average obviously has a lag, but the exponential moving average may be prone to quicker breaks. Some traders prefer to use exponential moving averages for shorter time periods to capture changes quicker. Some investors prefer simple moving averages over long time periods to identify long-term trend changes. In addition, much will depend on the individual security in question. A 50-day SMA might work great for identifying support levels in the NASDAQ, but a 100-day EMA may work better for the Dow Transports. Moving average type and length of time will depend greatly on the individual security and how it has reacted in the past.

The initial thought for some is that greater sensitivity and quicker signals are bound to be beneficial. This is not always true and brings up a great dilemma for the technical analyst: the trade off between sensitivity and reliability. The more sensitive an indicator is, the more signals that will be given. These signals may prove timely, but with increased sensitivity comes an increase in false signals. The less sensitive an indicator is, the fewer signals that will be given. However, less sensitivity leads to fewer and more reliable signals. Sometimes these signals can be late as well.

For moving averages, the same dilemma applies. Shorter moving averages will be more sensitive and generate more signals. The EMA, which is generally more sensitive than the SMA, will also be likely to generate more signals. However, there will also be an increase in the number of false signals and whipsaws. Longer moving averages will move slower and generate fewer signals. These signals will likely prove more reliable, but they also may come late. Each investor or trader should experiment with different moving average lengths and types to examine the trade-off between sensitivity and signal reliability.

MOVING AVERAGES

2008-08-05T04:09:00.001-07:00

Introduction

Moving averages are one of the most popular and easy to use tools available to the technical analyst. They smooth a data series and make it easier to spot trends, something that is especially helpful in volatile markets. They also form the building blocks for many other technical indicators and overlays.

The two most popular types of moving averages are the Simple Moving Average (SMA) and the Exponential Moving Average (EMA). They are described in more detail below.

Simple Moving Average (SMA)

(Click here for a live example of a Simple Moving Average)

A simple moving average is formed by computing the average (mean) price of a security over a specified number of periods. While it is possible to create moving averages from the Open, the High, and the Low data points, most moving averages are created using the closing price. For example: a 5-day simple moving average is calculated by adding the closing prices for the last 5 days and dividing the total by 5.

10+ 11 + 12 + 13 + 14 = 60

(60 / 5) = 12

The calculation is repeated for each price bar on the chart. The averages are then joined to form a smooth curving line - the moving average line. Continuing our example, if the next closing price in the average is 15, then this new period would be added and the oldest day, which is 10, would be dropped. The new 5-day simple moving average would be calculated as follows:

11 + 12 + 13 + 14 +15 = 65

(65 / 5) = 13

Over the last 2 days, the SMA moved from 12 to 13. As new days are added, the old days will be subtracted and the moving average will continue to move over time.

In the example above, using closing prices from Eastman Kodak (EK), day 10 is the first day possible to calculate a 10-day simple moving average. As the calculation continues, the newest day is added and the oldest day is subtracted. The 10-day SMA for day 11 is calculated by adding the prices of day 2 through day 11 and dividing by 10. The averaging process then moves on to the next day where the 10-day SMA for day 12 is calculated by adding the prices of day 3 through day 12 and dividing by 10.

The chart above is a plot that contains the data sequence in the table. The simple moving average begins on day 10 and continues.

This simple illustration highlights the fact that all moving averages are lagging indicators and will always be "behind" the price. The price of EK is trending down, but the simple moving average, which is based on the previous 10 days of data, remains above the price. If the price were rising, the SMA would most likely be below. Because moving averages are lagging indicators, they fit in the category of trend following indicators. When prices are trending, moving averages work well. However, when prices are not trending, moving averages can give misleading signals.

FOREX SIGNAL

2008-08-05T03:36:00.000-07:00

Forex trading signal

Tuesday, Agustus 5, 2008

TF D1

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EURUSD, Daily

UTD 1.5767 ... 1.5699
LTD 1.5468 ... 1.5513

UTD line (1.5631)
Target 1 = 1.5776 (145 Pts) probably break up targets 42 %
LTD Line (1.5516)
Target 1 = 1.4371 (545 Pts) probably break down target 66 %

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GBPUSD, Daily

UTD 1.9966 .... 1.9926
LTD 1.9643 .... 1.9740

UTD line ( 1.9866 )
Target 1 = 2.0209 ( 343 Pts) probably break up targets 37 %
LTD Line ( 1.9761 )
Target 1 = 1.9276 ( 475 Pts) probably break down target 72 %

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GBPJPY, Daily

UTD 214.87 ... 214.56
LTD 211.58 ... 211.98

UTD line ( 214.25 )
Target 1 = 217.94 ( 369 Pts) probably break up targets 55 %
LTD Line ( 212.14 )
Target 1 = 208.93 ( 321 Pts) probably break down target 66%

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USDJPY, Daily

UTD 108.40 ... 108.36
LTD 106.57 ... 107.28

UTD line ( 108.36 )
Target 1 = 112.97 (462 Pts) probably break up targets 48 %
LTD Line (107.56)
Target 1 = 106.34 (122 Pts) probably break down target 53 %

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The Trading signal for use in long terms condition in daily indicators

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WARNING !!!

Forex trading involves a high level of risk and may not be suitable for all investors. There is a possibility that you could lose some or all of your investment and therefore you should not invest money that you cannot afford to lose.

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MEMBANGUN WARNET

2008-08-05T03:26:00.000-07:00

Apa saja yang ada di Internet ?

Internet dijaga oleh perjanjian bi- atau multilateral dan spesifikasi teknikal (protokol yang
menerangkan tentang perpindahan data antara rangkaian). Protokol-protokol ini dibentuk
berdasarkan perbincangan Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), yang terbuka kepada
umum. Badan ini mengeluarkan dokumen yang dikenali sebagai RFC (Request for
Comments). Sebagian dari RFC dijadikan Standar Internet (Internet Standard), oleh
Badan Arsitektur Internet (Internet Architecture Board - IAB).
Protokol-protokol internet yang sering digunakan adalah seperti, IP, TCP, UDP, DNS,
PPP, SLIP, ICMP, POP3, IMAP, SMTP, HTTP, HTTPS, SSH, Telnet, FTP, LDAP, dan
SSL.

Beberapa layanan populer di internet yang menggunakan protokol di atas, ialah
email/surat elektronik, Usenet, Newsgroup, perkongsian file (File Sharing), WWW
(World Wide Web), Gopher, akses sesi (Session Access), WAIS, finger, IRC, MUD, dan
MUSH. Di antara semua ini, email/surat elektronik dan World Wide Web lebih kerap
digunakan, dan lebih banyak servis yang dibangun berdasarkannya, seperti milis (Mailing
List) dan Weblog. Internet memungkinkan adanya servis terkini (Real-time service),
seperti web radio, dan webcast, yang dapat diakses di seluruh dunia. Selain itu melalui
internet dimungkinkan untuk berkonikasi secara langsung antara dua pengguna atau lebih
melalui program pengirim pesan instan seperti Camfrog, Pidgin (Gaim), Trilian, Kopete,
Yahoo! Messenger, MSN Messenger dan Windows Live Messenger.

Beberapa servis Internet populer yang berdasarkan sistem Tertutup(?)(Proprietary
System), adalah seperti IRC, ICQ, AIM, CDDB, dan Gnutella.
Keuntungan dan kerugian apa yang diperoleh dari internet?
Jumlah pengguna Internet yang besar dan semakin berkembang, telah mewujudkan
budaya internet. Internet juga mempunyai pengaruh yang besar atas ilmu, dan pandangan
dunia. Dengan hanya berpandukan mesin pencari seperti Google, pengguna di seluruh
dunia mempunyai akses internet yang mudah atas bermacam-macam informasi.
Dibanding dengan buku dan perpustakaan, Internet melambangkan
penyebaran(decentralization) / pengetahuan (knowledge) informasi dan data secara
ekstrim.

Perkembangan Internet juga telah mempengaruhi perkembangan ekonomi. Berbagai
transaksi jual beli yang sebelumnya hanya bisa dilakukan dengan cara tatap muka (dan
sebagian sangat kecil melalui pos atau telepon), kini sangat mudah dan sering dilakukan
melalui Internet. Transaksi melalui Internet ini dikenal dengan nama e-commerce.
Terkait dengan pemerintahan, Internet juga memicu tumbuhnya transparansi pelaksanaan
pemerintahan melalui e-government.

Negara dengan akses internet yang terbaik termasuk Korea Selatan (50% daripada
penduduknya mempunyai akses jalurlebar - Broadband), dan Swedia. Terdapat dua
bentuk akses internet yang umum, yaitu dial-up, dan jalurlebar. Di Indonesia, seperti
negara berkembang dimana akses Internet dan penetrasi PC masih juga rendah lainnya
sekitar 42% dari akses Internet melalui fasilitas Public Internet aksss seperti warnet ,
cybercafe, hotspot dll. Tempat umum lainnya yang sering dipakai untuk akses internet
adalah di kampus dan dikantor.

Kami mempunyai e-book panduan untuk membangun warnet sederhana dari mulai, perhitungan kebutuhan modal, untung ruginya sampai, cara pemasangan warnet anda hingga berfungsi serta sofware-sofware pendukung untuk membuat sebuah warnet.

HARD DRIVE

2008-08-04T07:02:00.000-07:00

A hard disk drive (HDD), commonly referred to as a hard drive, hard disk, or fixed disk drive, is a non-volatile storage device which stores digitally encoded data on rapidly rotating platters with magnetic surfaces. Strictly speaking, "drive" refers to a device distinct from its medium, such as a tape drive and its tape, or a floppy disk drive and its floppy disk. Early HDDs had removable media; however, an HDD today is typically a sealed unit (except for a filtered vent hole to equalize air pressure) with fixed media.

Originally, the term "hard" was temporary slang, substituting "hard" for "rigid", before these drives had an established and universally-agreed-upon name. A HDD is a rigid-disk drive although it is rarely referred to as such. By way of comparison, a so-called "floppy" drive (more formally, a diskette drive) has a disc that is flexible. Some time ago, IBM's internal company term for a HDD was "file".

HDDs (introduced in 1956 as data storage for an IBM accounting computer) were originally developed for use with general purpose computers; see History of hard disk drives.

In the 21st century, applications for HDDs have expanded to include digital video recorders, digital audio players, personal digital assistants, digital cameras and video game consoles. In 2005 the first mobile phones to include HDDs were introduced by Samsung and Nokia. The need for large-scale, reliable storage, independent of a particular device, led to the introduction of configurations such as RAID arrays, network attached storage (NAS) systems and storage area network (SAN) systems that provide efficient and reliable access to large volumes of data. Note that although not immediately recognizable as a computer, all the aforementioned applications are actually embedded computing devices of some sort.

Technology

HDDs record data by magnetizing ferromagnetic material directionally, to represent either a 0 or a 1 binary digit. They read the data back by detecting the magnetization of the material. A typical HDD design consists of a spindle which holds one or more flat circular disks called platters, onto which the data are recorded. The platters are made from a non-magnetic material, usually aluminum alloy or glass, and are coated with a thin layer of magnetic material. Older disks used iron(III) oxide as the magnetic material, but current disks use a cobalt-based alloy.

A cross section of the magnetic surface in action. In this case the binary data is encoded using frequency modulation.

The platters are spun at very high speeds (details follow). Information is written to a platter as it rotates past devices called read-and-write heads that operate very close (tens of nanometers in new drives) over the magnetic surface. The read-and-write head is used to detect and modify the magnetization of the material immediately under it. There is one head for each magnetic platter surface on the spindle, mounted on a common arm. An actuator arm (or access arm) moves the heads on an arc (roughly radially) across the platters as they spin, allowing each head to access almost the entire surface of the platter as it spins. The arm is moved using a voice coil actuator or (in older designs) a stepper motor. Stepper motors were outside the head-disk chamber, and preceded voice-coil drives. The latter, for a while, had a structure similar to that of a loudspeaker; the coil and heads moved in a straight line, along a radius of the platters. The present-day structure differs in several respects from that of the earlier voice-coil drives, but the same interaction between the coil and magnetic field still applies, and the term is still used.

Older drives read the data on the platter by sensing the rate of change of the magnetism in the head; these heads had small coils, and worked (in principle) much like magnetic-tape playback heads, although not in contact with the recording surface. As data density increased, read heads using magnetoresistance (MR) came into use; the electrical resistance of the head changed according to the strength of the magnetism from the platter. Later development made use of spintronics; in these heads, the magnetoresistive effect was much greater that in earlier types, and was dubbed "giant" magnetoresistance (GMR). This refers to the degree of effect, not the physical size, of the head — the heads themselves are extremely tiny, and are too small to be seen without a microscope. GMR read heads are now commonplace.

HD heads are kept from contacting the platter surface by the air that is extremely close to the platter; that air moves at, or close to, the platter speed. The record and playback head are mounted on a block called a slider, and the surface next to the platter is shaped to keep it just barely out of contact. It's a type of air bearing.

The magnetic surface of each platter is conceptually divided into many small sub-micrometre-sized magnetic regions, each of which is used to encode a single binary unit of information. In today's HDDs, each of these magnetic regions is composed of a few hundred magnetic grains. Each magnetic region forms a magnetic dipole which generates a highly localized magnetic field nearby. The write head magnetizes a region by generating a strong local magnetic field. Early HDDs used an electromagnet both to generate this field and to read the data by using electromagnetic induction. Later versions of inductive heads included metal in Gap (MIG) heads and thin film heads. In today's heads, the read and write elements are separate, but in close proximity, on the head portion of an actuator arm. The read element is typically magneto-resistive while the write element is typically thin-film inductive.

In modern drives, the small size of the magnetic regions creates the danger that their magnetic state might be lost because of thermal effects. To counter this, the platters are coated with two parallel magnetic layers, separated by a 3-atom-thick layer of the non-magnetic element ruthenium, and the two layers are magnetized in opposite orientation, thus reinforcing each other. Another technology used to overcome thermal effects to allow greater recording densities is perpendicular recording, first shipped in 2005, as of 2007 the technology was used in many HDDs.

See File System for how operating systems access data on HDDs and other storage devices.

Speed Up Your Connections

2008-08-03T19:28:00.000-07:00

Today's content rich Internet has been designed for fast line access speeds, but the reality is that most of us are stuck with "narrow" broadband and dialup connections which lead to a slow and disappointing online experience. Nitro has the answer.

Nitro is a revolutionary low cost solution for millions of Internet users around the world to dramatically increase the speed of their Internet connection.

Nitro is a global compression network accessed by a small (1MB) software download which is fast and easy to install. There's no need to change your ISP or phone line and no need to change your email settings or add new hardware.

NITRO Benefits

·up to - 7x faster dialup, - 3x faster broadband - 6x faster wireles
Works with PC/MAC/Pocket PC and Symbion smartphones
Is portable - ideal for high speed mobile communications GPRS/GSM/CDMA
Save money on your wireless sessions and more than double your download limits if you are on a restricted plans
Works with your existing ISP and phone company/GPRS network - worldwide
Provides -up to 7x faster email including attachments
Is an inexpensive alternative to Broadband
Incorporates a free pop-up and banner add blocker (user defined)
Use Nitro when travelling - it's like taking your broadband with you.
Nitro has been developed to speed up any Internet connection including fixed line, wireless, satellite and helps to provide a fulfilling online experience without the frustration experienced by millions on slow speed connections.

How does NITRO work

Nitro's global compression network utilises patented technology and works by automatically compressing, optimising and streamlining the data flow across the Internet. The data stream is squashed down, much like a zip file, so more data can be brought across your bandwidth speed to your computer and You are now only seconds away from leaving the World Wide Wait behind you. Nitro will help make your Internet experience the pleasure it was designed to be.

How Nitro Works?

Nitro is a powerful, proven web and email acceleration solution that enables subscribers to easily gain access to the Internet over existing dial-up and wireless networks at up to five times the normal speed.

Nitro uses a patented proprietary data compression algorithm that reduces bandwidth requirements and increases the speed of Internet access. The Nitro solution has satisfied millions of customers need for speed on narrow band networks in most countries around the world.

The Nitro platform is comprised of two components in a Server/Client configuration.

Nitro Performance

Nitro provides unsurpassed acceleration of web content, FTP and emails, with speed increases up to 6X faster. Nitro combines patented proprietary data compression technology with optimization components that dramatically increase performance the more you use it. This technology gives subscribers an alternative product offering for dial-up or wireless users who either don't have access to high-speed cable or DSL services, or don't want to pay the higher prices charged for broadband services. Independent test results continuously confirm that Nitro is the fastest web accelerator on the market, and the same proven technology can accelerate access to critical business data for corporations..

Benchmark Test Results
Nitro’s Web Accelerator product beat out the competition in Internet BenchMark testing conducted by VeriTest.

Report findings:

Nitro's accessed first web pages more than 33 percent faster than the competition
Nitro improved download times by up to 5X
Nitro improved web page download times by an average of more than 2X
Nitro compressed text components of web pages by an average of 5.9X
Nitro compressed email messages and attachments more than 4.5X
(for Microsoft Outlook and Microsoft Outlook Express)
Nitro blocked most pop-ups
At under 6MB, Nitro required significantly less hard disk space than competitive solutions

AFFILIATE MARKETING

2008-08-03T08:52:00.000-07:00

Affiliate marketing is an Internet-based marketing practice in which a business rewards one or more affiliates for each visitor or customer brought about by the affiliate's marketing efforts.

Affiliate marketing is also the name of the industry where a number of different types of companies and individuals are performing this form of Internet marketing, including affiliate networks, affiliate management companies, and in-house affiliate managers, specialized third party vendors, and various types of affiliates/publishers who promote the products and services of their partners.

Affiliate marketing overlaps with other Internet marketing methods to some degree, because affiliates often use regular advertising methods. Those methods include organic search engine optimization, paid search engine marketing, e-mail marketing and in some sense display advertising. On the other hand, affiliates sometimes use less orthodox techniques, such as publishing reviews of products or services offered by a partner.

Affiliate marketing — using one website to drive traffic to another — is a form of online marketing, which is frequently overlooked by advertisers. While search engines, e-mail, and website syndication capture much of the attention of online retailers, affiliate marketing carries a much lower profile. Still, affiliates continue to play

History

The beginning

The concept of revenue sharing — paying commission for referred business — predates affiliate marketing and the Internet. The translation of the revenue share principles to mainstream e-commerce happened almost four years after the World Wide Web was born in November 1994.

The consensus of marketers and adult industry insiders is that Cybererotica was either the first or among the early innovators in affiliate marketing with a cost per click program.^[2]

During November 1994, CDNOW launched its BuyWeb program. With this program CDNOW was the first non-adult website to introduce the concept of an affiliate or associate program with its idea of click-through purchasing. CDNOW had the idea that music-oriented websites could review or list albums on their pages that their visitors may be interested in purchasing. These websites could also offer a link that would take the visitor directly to CDNOW to purchase the albums. The idea for remote purchasing originally arose because of conversations with music label Geffen Records in the fall of 1994. The management at Geffen wanted to sell its artists' CDs directly from its website, but did not want to implement this capability itself. Geffen Records asked CDNOW if it could design a program where CDNOW would handle the order fulfillment. Geffen Records realized that CDNOW could link directly from the artist on its website to Geffen's website, bypassing the CDNOW home page and going directly to an artist's music page.

Amazon.com (Amazon) launched its associate program in July 1996. Amazon associates could place banner or text links on their site for individual books, or link directly to the Amazon home page.

When visitors clicked from the associate's website through to Amazon and purchased a book, the associate received a commission. Amazon was not the first merchant to offer an affiliate program, but its program was the first to become widely-known and serve as a model for subsequent programs.

In February 2000, Amazon announced that it had been granted a patent (6,029,141) on all the essential components of an affiliate program. The patent application was submitted in June 1997, which predates most affiliate programs, but not PC Flowers & Gifts.com (October 1994), AutoWeb.com (October 1995), Kbkids.com/BrainPlay.com (January 1996), EPage (April 1996), and several others.

Historic development

Affiliate marketing has grown quickly since its inception. The e-commerce website, viewed as a marketing toy in the early days of the Internet, became an integrated part of the overall business plan and in some cases grew to a bigger business than the existing offline business. According to one report, the total sales amount generated through affiliate networks in 2006 was £2.16 billion in the UK alone. The estimates were £1.35 billion in sales in 2005. MarketingSherpa's research team estimated that, in 2006, affiliates worldwide earned US$6.5 billion in bounty and commissions from a variety of sources in retail, personal finance, gaming and gambling, travel, telecom, education, publishing, and forms of lead generation other than contextual advertising programs such as Google AdSense.

Currently the most active sectors for affiliate marketing are the adult, gambling, and retail sectors. The three sectors expected to experience the greatest growth are the mobile phone, finance, and travel sectors. Soon after these sectors came the entertainment (particularly gaming) and Internet-related services (particularly broadband) sectors. Also several of the affiliate solution providers expect to see increased interest from business-to-business marketers and advertisers in using affiliate marketing as part of their mix. Of course, this is constantly subject to change.

MEMORY MODULE

2008-08-03T08:46:00.000-07:00

DDR2 SDRAM or double-data-rate two synchronous dynamic random access memory is a random access memory technology used in electronic engineering for high speed storage of the working data of a computer or other digital electronic device.

It is a part of the SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory) family of technologies, which is one of many DRAM (dynamic random access memory) implementations, and is an evolutionary improvement over its predecessor, DDR SDRAM.

Its primary benefit is the ability to operate the external data bus twice as fast as DDR SDRAM. This is achieved by improved bus signaling, and by operating the memory cells at half the clock rate (one quarter of the data transfer rate), rather than at the clock rate as in the original DDR. DDR2 memory at the same clock speed as DDR will provide the same bandwidth but markedly higher latency, providing worse performance.

Like all SDRAM implementations, DDR2 stores memory in memory cells that are activated with the use of a clock signal to synchronize their operation with an external data bus. Like DDR before it, DDR2 cells transfer data both on the rising and falling edge of the clock (a technique called "double pumping"). The key difference between DDR and DDR2 is that in DDR2 the bus is clocked at twice the speed of the memory cells, so four bits of data can be transferred per memory cell cycle. Thus, without speeding up the memory cells themselves, DDR2 can effectively operate at twice the bus speed of DDR.

DDR2's bus frequency is boosted by electrical interface improvements, on-die termination, prefetch buffers and off-chip drivers. However, latency is greatly increased as a trade-off. The DDR2 prefetch buffer is 4 bits deep, whereas it is 2 bits deep for DDR and 8 bits deep for DDR3. While DDR SDRAM has typical read latencies of between 2 and 3 bus cycles, DDR2 may have read latencies between 4 and 6 cycles. Thus, DDR2 memory must be operated at twice the bus speed to achieve the same latency.

Another cost of the increased speed is the requirement that the chips are packaged in a more expensive and more difficult to assemble BGA package as compared to the TSSOP package of the previous memory generations such as DDR SDRAM and SDR SDRAM. This packaging change was necessary to maintain signal integrity at higher speeds.

Power savings are achieved primarily due to an improved manufacturing process through die shrinkage, resulting in a drop in operating voltage (1.8 V compared to DDR's 2.5 V). The lower memory clock frequency may also enable power reductions in applications that do not require the highest available speed.

According to JEDEC the maximum recommended voltage is 1.9 volts and should be considered the absolute maximum when memory stability is an issue (such as in servers or other mission critical devices). In addition, JEDEC states that memory modules must withstand up to 2.3 volts before incurring permanent damage (although they may not actually function correctly at that level).

Chips and modules

For use in computers, DDR2 SDRAM is supplied in DIMMs with 240 pins and a single locating notch. DIMMs are identified by their peak transfer capacity (often called bandwidth).

Standard name	Memory clock	Cycle time	I/O Bus clock	Data transfers per second	Module name	Peak transfer rate
DDR2-400	100 MHz	10 ns	200 MHz	400 Million	PC2-3200	3200 MB/s
DDR2-533	133 MHz	7.5 ns	266 MHz	533 Million	PC2-4200 PC2-4300¹	4266 MB/s
DDR2-667	166 MHz	6 ns	333 MHz	667 Million	PC2-5300 PC2-5400¹	5333 MB/s
DDR2-800	200 MHz	5 ns	400 MHz	800 Million	PC2-6400	6400 MB/s
DDR2-1066	266 MHz	3.75 ns	533 MHz	1066 Million	PC2-8500 PC2-8600¹	8533 MB/s

Note: DDR2-xxx denotes data transfer rate, and describes raw DDR chips, whereas PC2-xxxx denotes theoretical bandwidth (though it is often rounded up or down), and is used to describe assembled DIMMs. Bandwidth is calculated by taking transfers per second and multiplying by eight. This is because DDR2 memory modules transfer data on a bus that is 64 data bits wide, and since a byte comprises 8 bits, this equates to 8 bytes of data per transfer.

¹ Some manufacturers label their DDR2 sticks as PC2-4300 instead of PC2-4200, and PC2-5400 instead of PC2-5300. At least one manufacturer has reported this reflects successful testing at a faster-than standard speed, whilst others simply use the alternate rounding as the name, as described above.

In addition to bandwidth and capacity variants, modules can

Optionally implement ECC, which is an extra data byte lane used for correcting minor errors and detecting major errors for better reliability. Modules with ECC are identified by an additional ECC in their designation. PC2-4200 ECC is a PC2-4200 module with ECC.
Be "registered", which improves signal integrity (and hence potentially clock speed and physical slot capacity) by electrically buffering the signals at a cost of an extra clock of increased latency. Those modules are identified by an additional R in their designation, whereas non-registered (a.k.a. "unbuffered") RAM may be identified by an additional U in the designation. PC2-4200R is a registered PC2-4200 module, PC2-4200R ECC is the same module but with additional ECC.
Be Fully buffered modules, which are designated by F or FB and do not have the same notch position as other classes. Fully buffered modules cannot be used with motherboards that are made for registered modules, and the different notch position physically prevents their insertion.

Note: registered and unbuffered SDRAM generally cannot be mixed on the same channel.

VGA

2008-08-03T08:22:00.000-07:00

The term Video Graphics Array (VGA) refers specifically to the display hardware first introduced with the IBM PS/2 line of computers in 1987 , but through its widespread adoption has also come to mean either an analog computer display standard, the 15-pin D-subminiature VGA connector, or the 640×480 resolution itself. While this resolution has been superseded in the personal computer market, it is becoming a popular resolution on mobile devices

VGA was the last graphical standard introduced by IBM that the majority of PC clone manufacturers conformed to, making it today (as of 2008) the lowest common denominator that all PC graphics hardware supports before a device-specific driver is loaded into the computer. For example, the Microsoft Windows splash screen appears while the machine is still operating in VGA mode, which is the reason that this screen always appears in reduced resolution and color depth.

VGA was officially superseded by IBM's XGA standard, but in reality it was superseded by numerous slightly different extensions to VGA made by clone manufacturers that came to be known collectively as "Super VGA".

Technical details

VGA is referred to as an "array" instead of an "adapter" because it was implemented from the start as a single chip, replacing the Motorola 6845 and dozens of discrete logic chips covering a full-length ISA board that the MDA, CGA, and EGA used. This also allowed it to be placed directly on a PC's motherboard with a minimum of difficulty (it only required video memory, timing crystals and an external RAMDAC), and the first IBM PS/2 models were equipped with VGA on the motherboard.

The VGA specifications are as follows:

* 256 KB Video RAM
* 16-color and 256-color modes
* 262,144-value color palette (six bits each for red, green, and blue)
* Selectable 25.175 MHz [3] or 28.3 MHz master clock
* Maximum of 720 horizontal pixels
* Maximum of 480 lines
* Refresh rates at up to 70 Hz
* Vertical Blanking interrupt (Not all clone cards support this.)
* Planar mode: up to 16 colors (4 bit planes)
* Packed-pixel mode: 256 colors (Mode 13h)
* Hardware smooth scrolling support
* Some "Raster Ops" support
* Barrel shifter
* Split screen support
* 0.7 V peak-to-peak
* 75 ohm double-terminated impedance (18.7mA - 13mW)

The VGA supports both All Points Addressable graphics modes, and alphanumeric text modes. Standard graphics modes are

* 640×480 in 16 colors
* 640×350 in 16 colors
* 320×200 in 16 colors
* 320×200 in 256 colors (Mode 13h)

As well as the standard modes, VGA can be configured to emulate many of the modes of its predecessors (EGA, CGA, and MDA).

MARKETIVA FOREX TRADING

2008-08-03T08:19:00.000-07:00

About Marketiva

Marketiva is a financial services corporation specialized in providing traders with high quality online trading services. With a team of dedicated financial specialists and technical support personnel, Marketiva operates globally as a market maker and principal counterparty to retail traders. Marketiva has established itself as an industry leader by relying on its cutting-edge internet trading platform and its superior customer service.

Marketiva's vision is to harness the power of the internet and provide traders with exceptionally effective trading tools and outstanding customer support. Traders using Marketiva enjoy the most advanced online retail trading front-end in the world, the Streamster™ software, renowned for its ease of use, flexibility and reliability.

Bringing Financial Markets to the World

Our mission is to create the most efficient and flexible environment for individuals around the world to freely participate in financial markets.

In order to help individual traders make independent and knowledgeable trading decisions, Marketiva provides several types of service completely free of charge: an advanced charting system, daily research reports, market event alerts, expert discussion forums and several other free value added services. Marketiva also offers virtual trading desks within each customer account to make it easy for traders to experiment with strategies, improve their trading skills and get acquainted with the system before buying and selling on a live trading desk.

Multinational Team of Professionals and Scientists

Marketiva's multinational team consists of financial specialists and computer scientists residing across four continents and all time zones, giving Marketiva unparalleled edge both in exposure to market events and real-time responsiveness to customer needs.

The uniqueness of Marketiva's approach lays in the synergy of financial professionals with more than 30 years of combined experience in both trading and dealing working together as one team with computer science experts shaping Marketiva's advanced trading platform. To achieve the ultimate in customer satisfaction, Marketiva's financial and IT experts combine their skills, target-oriented attitude, team spirit and unrelenting focus on the customer.

Integrity, Initiative and Continuous Innovation

We are committed to employing people of integrity, initiative and ability, who help us continue a culture of strong work ethic, value of ideas and responsiveness to customer's goals. Traders all across Europe, Asia and Americas have recognized the dedication Marketiva has to development of long-term relationships with clients.

Marketiva continues with its commitment to technical innovation by regularly advancing the trading platform with the goal of providing individual traders with the most effective and flexible trading platform in the world.

Marketiva is proud to offer one of the most advanced online trading platforms available. Historically, online traders have struggled with problems related to the trading platform, such as unreliable software, slow trade execution, incorrect price feeds and many others. Thanks to the superior trading platform Marketiva is utilizing, traders can finally concentrate on trading instead of various technical difficulties.

Next-Generation Phoneless Customer Support

To provide the quickest and best quality customer support, Marketiva uses a unique next-generation online customer relationship management platform. Marketiva customers enjoy the most responsive, low-cost customer support available thanks to Marketiva's customer support modules within its advanced trading platform. Marketiva customers use the built-in Support chat channel within the Streamster™ software or e-mail facilities to get answers to their queries in a record short time because there is no need to spend minutes on the phone establishing and authenticating the identity of the customer and explaining the full history of the support issue. Traditional phone-based customer support requires customers to make long, frequent expensive international calls that would over time incur high cost on the customer. Instead, Marketiva customers can solve any support issue quickly, efficiently and in an affordable manner by using either the real-time Support chat channel or e-mail with around-the-clock response.

Highest Standards in Service and Security

We combine our market experience, expertise, and professionalism with the world's best online trading software. Marketiva's trading and margin lines with leading banks and counterparties ensure your trades will be automatically executed and with no slippage.

Marketiva ensures that traders experience the highest level of performance, reliability and security by taking advantage of professionally managed network operation centers with fully redundant server arrays and redundant internet connections. Our technical staff is committed to ensuring a maximum possible uptime for Marketiva's service and 24-hour service accessibility. Unlike many online trading operations, trading platform used by Marketiva utilizes industry-standard encryption technology to ensure that all communication between our customers and our servers is completely protected and confidential.

Safety of Client Funds and Transaction Integration

Client funds held with Marketiva are maintained in separate accounts for the sole purpose of the clients' trading activity and are never commingled with operating capital of the company. Withdrawals from these bank accounts occur only as a direct result of clients' trading activities or an authorized request for withdrawal.

To ensure the safety of client funds, Marketiva has created three independent components operating under an integrated system of trading, settlement and risk control. The Execution Component receives and executes the clients' trading instructions; the Operations Component settles the transactions and transfers the funds; the Risk Control Component monitors transaction execution and the fund settlement process.

Marketiva utilizes transaction processing and integration services for both deposits and withdrawals, for purposes of getting one transaction stream and making the transaction processes faster, convenient and more efficient for customers.

Procedures for Prevention of Unlawful Activities

Marketiva is committed to assisting governments combat the threat from money laundering and terrorist financing activities around the world. For that purpose Marketiva has setup a highly sophisticated electronic system. This system documents and verifies client identification records, and tracks and maintains detailed records of all transactions. Marketiva carefully tracks suspicious and significant transaction activities, and reports such activities providing timely and comprehensive advice to law enforcement. To uphold the integrity of the reporting systems and provide protection to businesses, the legislative framework provides legal protections to providers of such advices. Marketiva is committed to regularly update its electronic system for inspection of suspicious transactions and for verification of client identification records, in accordance with any new regulations as they are promulgated, as well as providing training for its employees on enhancements to anti-money laundering procedures that may be required by new regulations.

MACD

2008-08-03T08:02:00.000-07:00

MACD

The MACD indicator is one of the most popular technical analysis tools. There are three main components of the MACD shown in the picture below:

MACD: The 12-period exponential moving average (EMA) minus the 26-period EMA.
MACD Signal Line: A 9-period EMA of the MACD.
MACD Histogram: The MACD minus the MACD Signal Line.

The MACD indicator is an effective and versatile tool. There are three main ways to interpret the MACD technical analysis indicator, discussed in the next pages:

MACD Moving Average Crossovers

The primary method of interpreting the MACD is with moving average crossovers. When the shorter-term 12-period exponential moving average (EMA) crosses over the longer-term 26-period EMA a buy signal is generated; this is seen on the Nasdaq 100 exchange traded fund (QQQQ) chart below with the two purple lines.

Remember that the MACD line (the blue line) is created from the 12-period and 26-period EMA. Consequently:

When the shorter-term 12-period EMA crosses above the longer-term 26-period EMA, the MACD line crosses above the Zero line.
When the 12-period EMA crosses below the 26-period EMA, the MACD line crosses below the Zero line.

Moving Average Crossover Buy Signal

A buy signal is generated when the MACD (blue line) crosses above the zero line.

Moving Average Crossover Sell Signal

When the MACD crosses below the zero line, then a sell signal is generated.

The prior buy and sell signals get a person into a trade later in the move of a stock or future. A more common buy and sell signal is shown in the graph below of the Nasdaq 100 exchange traded fund QQQQ:

Most Common MACD Buy and Sell Signals

MACD Buy Signal

A buy signal is generated when the MACD (blue line) crosses above the MACD Signal Line (red line).

MACD Sell Signal

Similarly, when the MACD crosses below the MACD Signal Line a sell signal is generated.

The MACD moving average crossover is one of many ways to interpret the MACD technical indicator. Using the MACD histogram and MACD divergence warnings are two other important methods of using the MACD.

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FOREX

2008-08-02T20:46:00.000-07:00

The foreign exchange (currency or forex or FX) market exists wherever one currency is traded for another. It is the largest and most liquid financial market in the world, and includes trading between large banks, central banks, currency speculators, multinational corporations, governments, and other financial markets and institutions. The average daily trade in the global forex and related markets currently is almost US$ 4 trillion.^[1]

Motherboard

2008-08-02T20:11:00.000-07:00

A motherboard is the central or primary printed circuit board (PCB) making up a complex electronic system, such as a modern computer. It is also known as a mainboard, baseboard, system board, planar board, or, on Apple computers, a logic board, and is sometimes abbreviated casually as mobo.

Most motherboards produced today are designed for so-called IBM-compatible computers, which held over 96% of the global personal computer market in 2005. Motherboards for IBM-compatible computers are specifically covered in the PC motherboard article.

A motherboard, like a backplane, provides the electrical connections by which the other components of the system communicate, but unlike a backplane also contains the central processing unit and other subsystems such as real time clock, and some peripheral interfaces.

A typical desktop computer is built with the microprocessor, main memory, and other essential components on the motherboard. Other components such as external storage, controllers for video display and sound, and peripheral devices are typically attached to the motherboard via edge connectors and cables, although in modern computers it is increasingly common to integrate these "peripherals" into the motherboard.

Components and functions

The 2004 K7VT4A Pro^[3] motherboard by ASRock. The chipset on this board consists of northbridge and southbridge chips.

The motherboard of a typical desktop consists of a large printed circuit board. It holds electronic components and interconnects, as well as physical connectors (sockets, slots, and headers) into which other computer components may be inserted or attached.

Most motherboards include, at a minimum:

sockets (or slots) in which one or more microprocessors (CPUs) are installed^[4]
slots into which the system's main memory is installed (typically in the form of DIMM modules containing DRAM chips)
a chipset which forms an interface between the CPU's front-side bus, main memory, and peripheral buses
non-volatile memory chips (usually Flash ROM in modern motherboards) containing the system's firmware or BIOS
a clock generator which produces the system clock signal to synchronize the various components
slots for expansion cards (these interface to the system via the buses supported by the chipset)
power connectors and circuits, which receive electrical power from the computer power supply and distribute it to the CPU, chipset, main memory, and expansion cards.^[5]

The Octek Jaguar V motherboard from 1993. This board has 6 ISA slots but few onboard peripherals, as evidenced by the lack of external connectors.

Additionally, nearly all motherboards include logic and connectors to support commonly-used input devices, such as PS/2 connectors for a mouse and keyboard. Early personal computers such as the Apple II or IBM PC included only this minimal peripheral support on the motherboard. Occasionally video interface hardware was also integrated into the motherboard; for example on the Apple II, and rarely on IBM-comatible computers such as the IBM PC Jr. Additional peripherals such as disk controllers and serial ports were provided as expansion cards.

Given the high thermal design power of high-speed computer CPUs and components, modern motherboards nearly always include heatsinks and mounting points for fans to dissipate excess

Central processing unit

2008-08-02T20:03:00.000-07:00

Die of an Intel 80486DX2 microprocessor (actual size: 12×6.75 mm) in its packaging.

A Central Processing Unit (CPU), or sometimes just called processor, is a description of a class of logic machines that can execute computer programs. This broad definition can easily be applied to many early computers that existed long before the term "CPU" ever came into widespread usage. The term itself and its initialism have been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s (Weik 1961). The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed dramatically since the earliest examples, but their fundamental operation has remained much the same.

Early CPUs were custom-designed as a part of a larger, sometimes one-of-a-kind, computer. However, this costly method of designing custom CPUs for a particular application has largely given way to the development of mass-produced processors that are suited for one or many purposes. This standardization trend generally began in the era of discrete transistor mainframes and minicomputers and has rapidly accelerated with the popularization of the integrated circuit (IC). The IC has allowed increasingly complex CPUs to be designed and manufactured to tolerances on the order of nanometers. Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased the presence of these digital devices in modern life far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines. Modern microprocessors appear in everything from automobiles to cell phones to children's toys.

A microprocessor incorporates most or all of the functions of a central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC). The first microprocessors emerged in the early 1970s and were used for electronic calculators, using BCD arithmetics on 4-bit words. Other embedded uses of 4 and 8-bit microprocessors, such as terminals, printers, various kinds of automation etc, followed rather quickly. Affordable 8-bit microprocessors with 16-bit addressing also led to the first general purpose microcomputers in the mid-1970s.

Processors were for a long period constructed out of small and medium-scale ICs containing the equivalent of a few to a few hundred transistors. The integration of the whole CPU onto a single VLSI chip therefore greatly reduced the cost of processing capacity. From their humble beginnings, continued increases in microprocessor capacity have rendered other forms of computers almost completely obsolete (see history of computing hardware), with one or more microprocessor as processing element in everything from the smallest embedded systems and handheld devices to the largest mainframes and supercomputers.

Since the early 1970s, the increase in processing capacity of evolving microprocessors has been known to generally follow Moore's Law. It suggests that the complexity of an integrated circuit, with respect to minimum component cost, doubles every 18 months. In the late 1990s, heat generation (TDP), due to current leakage and other factors, emerged as a leading developmental constraint

64-bit designs in personal computers

While 64-bit microprocessor designs have been in use in several markets since the early 1990s, the early 2000s saw the introduction of 64-bit microchips targeted at the PC market.

With AMD's introduction of a 64-bit architecture backwards-compatible with x86, x86-64 (now called AMD64), in September 2003, followed by Intel's fully compatible 64-bit extensions (first called IA-32e or EM64T, later renamed Intel 64), the 64-bit desktop era began. Both versions can run 32-bit legacy applications without any speed penalty as well as new 64-bit software. With operating systems Windows XP x64, Windows Vista x64, Linux, BSD and Mac OS X that run 64-bit native, the software too is geared to utilize the full power of such processors. The move to 64 bits is more than just an increase in register size from the IA-32 as it also doubles the number of general-purpose registers.

The move to 64 bits by PowerPC processors had been intended since the processors' design in the early 90s and was not a major cause of incompatibility. Existing integer registers are extended as are all related data pathways, but, as was the case with IA-32, both floating point and vector units had been operating at or above 64 bits for several years. Unlike what happened with IA-32 was extended to x86-64, no new general purpose registers were added in 64-bit PowerPC, so any performance gained when using the 64-bit mode for applications making no use of the larger address space is minimal.